STUDY LIMITATIONS Lack of Detailed Clinical Data The study relied on ICD coding, which limits access to detailed information about disease activity, previous surgeries, smoking habits, lifestyle factors, and specific ophthalmological findings
Melatonin prevents glutamate-induced oxytosis in the HT22 mouse hippocampal cell line through an antioxidant effect specifically targeting mitochondria
What the evidence says Early research is encouraging but still limited
Wang J, Liu Y, Zhou LJ, Wu Y, Li F, Shen KF,
Results Overall and sex-specific associations of genetically predicted l-carnitine with CVD Genetically predicted higher l-carnitine was nominally associated with higher risk of CAD and heart failure in men and women, with odds ratio (OR) 1.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.11) for CAD and OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.09) for heart failure per standard deviation (SD) increase in genetically predicted l-carnitine (Fig