Of these, three were on the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, but twowhich reported a potentially protective association between GLP-1RAs and PD/LBD diagnoses in T2DM and/or obesitydid not use an active comparator nor accounted for multiple comparisons,61 62 whereas one found no association between semaglutide and PD diagnosis in 38 412+ people with T2DM over 1+ years, compared with other individual antidiabetics at the same level of treatment (ie, the DPP-4i sitagliptin, the SGLT-2i empagliflozin and the sulfonylurea glipizide).57 Using US Medicare administrative data of older adults only between 2016 and 2020, however, GLP-1RA users were shown to be at lower risk of PD (HR 0.77
These anecdotal reports have appeared in patient forums, social media discussions, and clinical practice observations
In rectosigmoid biopsies from patients with constipation-predominant IBS and healthy controls, GLP-1R was significantly downregulated in IBS individuals compared to controls [55]
Therefore, long-term and persistent intervention with semaglutide is needed for the improvement of obesity
They offer therapeutic benefits in obesity, cardiovascular health, kidney function, substance use disorders, and even neurodegenerative diseases