A separate meta-analysis that pooled results of trials in older adults with mild cognitive impairment found B-vitamin supplementation (6 to 24 months, depending on the trial) had no benefits on various cognitive parameters, including executive function, information processing speed, and episodic memory (90)
We also address psychological symptoms, such as mood swings, depression, and anxiety, which often accompany vitamin B12 deficiency
These options are usually best suited for people whose deficiency comes from not getting enough B12 in their diet, a common issue for vegans and vegetarians
[2] Long-term follow-up: Once stable on maintenance therapy, routine blood monitoring is not usually necessary unless new symptoms develop
Image source Adequate stomach acid and enzymes are required to free B12 from the proteins it is bound to in food