B12 deficiency is more common than widely recognized, particularly in individuals who follow plant-based diets, take proton pump inhibitors or metformin, are over 50, or have gastrointestinal conditions affecting absorption
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Oral supplements face challenges in the digestive system, where absorption can be low, mainly in those with certain gut issues
Common reasons include: Pernicious anemia , an autoimmune condition affecting intrinsic factor production Gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohns disease or celiac disease Prolonged use of certain medications, like proton pump inhibitors Knowing these causes helps spot at-risk people
Mental clarity Because B12 supports nerve signaling, injections may help improve focus, concentration, and the foggy feeling associated with low B12 levels