GK Smyth: formal analysis, supervision, methodology, and writingreview and editing
Smaller is better. It must be able to get into the brain
Current evidence does not support routine clinical use of GLP-1 medications specifically for alcohol cravings, and patients with alcohol use disorder should be referred to evidence-based treatments including behavioral interventions, mutual support groups, and FDA-approved pharmacotherapies such as naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram

GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by an enzyme named dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4), converting to bioinactive products GLP-1 (9-36) and GLP-1 (9-37) ( GLP-1 exerts its function by binding to GLP-1R and is involved in the development and progression of many diseases ( GLP-1R agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a group of GLP-1 analogues that are resistant to DPP4-mediated degradation, working through activating GLP-1R and its downstream signaling ( The expression of GLP-1R remains controversial due to the lack of specific antibody against GLP-1R, with most of the literatures using qPCR to detect mRNA levels ( 2 GLP-1 in regulating immune system 2.1 The role of GLP-1 in innate immune cells Recent studies have demonstrated that GLP-1 and its analogues exert regulatory functions in innate immune cells, especially macrophages

Substance Use Disorders Recently, a research area has been actively developing related to the potential use of GLP-1RAs in the treatment of addiction diseases, primarily from psychoactive substances, including alcohol dependence