Dynamically, Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission is preferentially activated, leading to mitochondrial network fragmentation, while the expression of fusion proteins (e.g., Mfn1/2, OPA1) remains relatively unchanged in the initial phase, reflecting a fission-dominant imbalance
Pollak 2008) has linked higher circulating IGF-1 to elevated risk of certain cancers in human cohorts
Cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS, L-glutamine, penicillin, and streptomycin at 37 C in 5% CO 2
It is essential for regulating the growth and function of immune cells, and Zn homeostasis can regulate cell signal transduction [74, 75]
Targeting oxidative stress in disease: promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy